找寻有关希斯克厉夫性格方面的英文资料
Analysis of Heathcliff
Wuthering Heights centers around the story of Heathcliff. The first paragraph of the novel provides a vivid physical picture of him, as Lockwood describes how his “black eyes” withdraw suspiciously under his brows at Lockwood’s approach. Nelly’s story begins with his introduction into the Earnshaw family, his vengeful machinations drive the entire plot, and his death ends the book. The desire to understand him and his motivations has kept countless readers engaged in the novel.
Heathcliff, however, defies being understood, and it is difficult for readers to resist seeing what they want or expect to see in him. The novel teases the reader with the possibility that Heathcliff is something other than what he seems—that his cruelty is merely an expression of his frustrated love for Catherine, or that his sinister behaviors serve to conceal the heart of a romantic hero. We expect Heathcliff’s character to contain such a hidden virtue because he resembles a hero in a romance novel. Traditionally, romance novel heroes appear dangerous, brooding, and cold at first, only later to emerge as fiercely devoted and loving. One hundred years before Emily Bront? wrote Wuthering Heights, the notion that “a reformed rake makes the best husband” was already a cliché of romantic literature, and romance novels center around the same cliché to this day.
However, Heathcliff does not reform, and his malevolence proves so great and long-lasting that it cannot be adequately explained even as a desire for revenge against Hindley, Catherine, Edgar, etc. As he himself points out, his abuse of Isabella is purely sadistic, as he amuses himself by seeing how much abuse she can take and still come cringing back for more. Critic Joyce Carol Oates argues that Emily Bront? does the same thing to the reader that Heathcliff does to Isabella, testing to see how many times the reader can be shocked by Heathcliff’s gratuitous violence and still, masochistically, insist on seeing him as a romantic hero.
It is significant that Heathcliff begins his life as a homeless orphan on the streets of Liverpool. When Bront? composed her book, in the 1840s, the English economy was severely depressed, and the conditions of the factory workers in industrial areas like Liverpool were so appalling that the upper and middle classes feared violent revolt. Thus, many of the more affluent members of society beheld these workers with a mixture of sympathy and fear. In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory-towns were often represented in religious terms, and compared to hell. The poet William Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of England’s “dark Satanic Mills.” Heathcliff, of course, is frequently compared to a demon by the other characters in the book.
Considering this historical context, Heathcliff seems to embody the anxieties that the book’s upper- and middle-class audience had about the working classes. The reader may easily sympathize with him when he is powerless, as a child tyrannized by Hindley Earnshaw, but he becomes a villain when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman. This corresponds with the ambivalence the upper classes felt toward the lower classes—the upper classes had charitable impulses toward lower-class citizens when they were miserable, but feared the prospect of the lower classes trying to escape their miserable circumstances by acquiring political, social, cultural, or economic power.
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Abstract： Love and hate is one of the conflicts in Wuthering Heights. Hate can‘t make the love disappear， Love is stronger than hate. This is the theme of the novel. And this article will analyze this theme.
Key words： love， hate， humanity， conflict， revenge
Contents：
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Body
Chapter 3 Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
Chapter 1 Introduction Wuthering Heights， the great novel by Emily Bronte， though not inordinately long is an amalgamation of childhood fantasies， friendship， romance and revenge. But this story is not a simple story of revenge； it has more profound implications. As Arnold Kettle， the English critic， said， “Wuthering Heights is an expression in the imaginative terms of art of the stresses and tensions and conflicts， personal and spiritual， of nineteenth-century capitalist society.” （1）The characters of Wuthering Heights embody the extreme love and extreme hate of the humanity. That extreme love and extreme hate mix together make the novel take on the thick dramatic color. Love and hate is one of the conflicts in Wuthering Heights. Hate can‘t make the love disappear， Love is stronger than hate. This is the theme of the novel.
Chapter 2 Body Wuthering Heights contrasts the effects of love and hate contrasting the two feelings. Hate can‘t make the love disappear， Love is stronger than hate.
This Forty years ago Wuthering Heights was filled with light， warmth and happiness. Mr.Earnshaw ， a congenial gentleman farmer， lives happily with his boisterous children Catherine and Hindley. However， being a kind and generous fellow， he can‘t help rescuing a poor starving wretch off of the streets of Liverpool， a gypsy child named Heathcliff In time Heathcliff becomes one of the family， loved by all except Hindley （who nurtures the feeling of being usurped）。
Catherine is an especially good childhood friend， spending many a carefree day playing on the moor with Heathcliff. Unfortunately when Mr.Earnshaw dies suddenly， Hindley is able to express his enmity with damning cruelty. Heathcliff is condemned to the stable， a position doubly harsh given his former familial state.
As the years pass a single reason keeps， the now adult， Heathcliff from leaving and seeking his fortune-Catherine. Despite all that oppresses them （Hindley‘s rages and their positions）， there is a love between them that refuses to die. Cathy has wild， gypsy blood in her and that side of her personality loves to run through the heather with her prince， Heathcliff. Here they can be children again， far from the misery which courses through Wuthering Heights. However， the more civilized half of Cathy desires fine dresses and a respectable station in society， all things which Edgar Linton can provide. Such a collision of love and desire is ripe territory for the seeds of tragedy.
An epic tale of wild， romantic passion， set amongst the heather and wind-swept gulleys， Wuthering Heights is stirring stuff. Presenting a vision of undying love， its genesis in the innocence of youth and resolution in the chill of death， the entire spectrum of emotions is played expertly by Bronte.
Such a tale calls for a top-notch cast， players who can emote the sheer stubbornness which makes Catherine and Heathcliff destroy each other while remaining deeply in love. So staggering is Heathcliff‘s pain that he’s willing to use Catherine‘s sister-in-law Isabella Linton as a weapon， caring nothing for the poor lass. It’s a measure of Catherine‘s stoicism that she refuses to budge even under these conditions， pretending
That she actually loves Edgar.
Love and hate is the theme of the novel. Wuthering Heights is dominated by hatred， at the last three chapters， when Catherine lying on bed and was going to die， they grab together and forgive each other. Especially after Catherine‘death， love come back， humanity wake up.
Chapter 3 Conclusion In Wuthering Heights， Emily Bronte shows us the tense conflict of love and hatred， at same time， she indicates the change and integration of the love and hate. Love and hate， the two extreme feelings of the man， make Wuthering Heights mysterious. It‘s hard for the reader to understand. But it’s the soul of Wuthering Heights.
Notes [1]《英美文学选读》P151
Biography《呼啸山庄》[英]艾米莉·勃朗特 方平译 上海译文出版社 1993
《英美文学选读》张伯香主编 外语教学与研究出版社
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