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Diuronadsorption isotherms

敌草隆吸附等温线

The data corresponding to the adsorption of diuron onto AC at different temperatures

without pH control are shown in Fig. 2a–c.

图 2a-c 展示了在没有控制酸碱度的情况下，AC在不同温度时对敌草隆的吸附量。

As can be seen, they are well defined in the range studied, covering up to around 55 lmol

L 1.

从各图可见，它们在研究所涉及的温度范围内都很完整，覆盖至大约 55 lmol L1 的范围。

The uptake of diuron increases significantly with temperature in the whole range ofconcentration tested, thus the observed effect of temperature on the adsorption

capacity of diuron does not follow the most common trend for adsorption.

在整个受测试的浓度范围内，敌草隆的吸附量都随着温度显着增加，因此，根据观察所得，温度对敌草隆吸附能力的影响，与最常见的吸附趋势不同。

This apparent endothermic behaviour has been interpreted in terms of an increasedplanarity and diffusivity of the diuron molecules linked to the easier desolvation of diuron molecules in solution as temperature increases [10,11,27].

这种明显的吸热表现，是由于溶液中的敌草隆份子在温度增加时更容易出现去溶剂化的情形，因而令敌草隆份子的平面性和扩散率都有所增加 [10,11,27]。

In a first approach, the equilibrium isotherms of Fig. 2a can be considered as L-type,more specifically L-3 subtype of Giles classification [12], indicating favourable

adsorption related to the low water solubility of diuron and the occurrence of

multilayer adsorption.

在第一次进行时，图 2a 的均衡等温线属于 L 类（更仔细而言则属 Giles 分类法中的 L-3 分类 [12]），因而显示出，敌草隆较低的水溶度和多层吸附现象令它有较好的吸附能力。

The ever decreasing slope and the plateau of the first part of the isotherm are found in

most cases of adsorption from dilute solutions.

该条等温线第一部份所呈现的坡度递减，并在高处转平的情形，是大部份稀薄溶液的常见吸附情形。

This pattern is representative of a progressive occupation of the surface available

for adsorption.

这个模式代表可供吸附的表面被逐渐占用。

The saturation shown by the plateau has been interpreted as the result of monolayercompletion, although it does not necessarily imply ordering in a close-packed

layer of adsorbate.

虽然等温线在高处转平所展现的饱和情况被理解为是单层吸附完成的结果，却不一定能显示出一层排列紧密的吸附物本身的序列情况。

The layer can also contain solvent molecules and adsorbate clusters, and the filling ofthe sites available on the original surface can coexist in some extent with the formation of multilayer or the filling of pores.

该层吸附物也可以包含有溶剂的份子和吸附物的份子群，而且，它们除了吸附在原有表面的可吸附位置之外，也可以形成一定程度的多层吸附物，或者填塞在孔洞中。

The solute concentration at which the plateau of the isotherm is fully developed decreasesas temperature increases, thus it varies from around 45 lmol L1 to around 30

lmol L1 for the adsorption at 15 and 45 [1]C, respectively.

当等温线在高处完全转平的时候，溶解物的浓度会随着温度增高而减少，即在15摄氏度和45摄氏度时，浓度分别为约45lmol L1至约 30 lmol L1。

In a previous paper, Fontecha-Cámara et al. [10] reported L-type isotherms for theadsorption of diuron on activated carbon fiber and cloth at pH 7, whereas

Bouras et al. [9] reported S-type isotherms for the adsorption of diuron on

surfactant-modified pillared clays at pH 6.

在过去的论文中，Fontecha-Cámara 等人 [10] 曾经报导：敌草隆在酸碱度为 7 时，对活性碳纤维和布料的吸附量呈现 L 类等温线；而 Bouras 等人 [9] 则报导敌草隆在酸碱度为 6 时，对于表面活性经过修改的柱状粘土的吸附量呈现S类等温线。

Thus, the formation of multilayer seems to be conditioned by the nature of the adsorbent surface

and the effect of pH on the adsorbent-solute and adsorbate solute interactions.

因此，多层吸附物的形成，似乎是受到吸附面的性质影响，而另一项影响因素则是酸碱度对已吸附的溶解物和尚待吸附的溶解物之间互动作用的影响。

The observation of the isotherms within the low concentration range (Fig. 2b) showsthat at 15–35 [1]C they have a continuous concave shape (L-3) whereas at 45 [1]C the shape of the isotherm could be even considered of S-3 type with an inflection at diuron concentration around 2

lmol L1.

在较低浓度的范围内所观察到的等温线（图2b），显示它们在15-35摄氏度的范围内呈连续的凹形（L-3）；而在45摄氏度时，等温线的形状更可算是属于S-3类，即在敌草降的浓度约为 2lmol L

1 时出现屈折。

Such shift at high temperatures would suggest a higher contribution of cooperative

adsorption, promoted by the interactions between the solute and the adsorbate.

在高温处出现这种转变，意味着溶解物和吸附物之间的互动作用，令它们产生更多的合作吸附效果。